Periodontics

Periodontics is the treatment of the attachment apparatus of the tooth. The attachment apparatus includes the gingiva (gums), periodontal ligament (anchor of the tooth) and the alveolar bone (support of the tooth).

Plaque (the soft, slimy substance), not calculus (the brown hard substance) is pathologic and causes periodontal disease and eventual tooth loss. Gingivitis (inflammation of the gums) is the first sign of periodontal disease and can be reversed. The bacteria that are produced, as a result of periodontal disease, can travel through the bloodstream if left untreated.

The oral cavity shown(below, left) has clinically normal gums excluding the areas demarcated by the arrows where gingivitis is present. The cat (below, right) has severe periodontitis (arrow) noted by the root exposure. The tooth on the left can be returned to gingival health by brushing. The tooth on the right is most likely not salvageable. It is always wise to contact your veterinarian or veterinary dentist if you have questions about whether a tooth can be saved.

Various advanced periodontal surgeries can be performed to save teeth from guided-tissue regeneration to gain root coverage, gingivectomy to treat gingival hyperplasia (excessive gum tissue) and splinting of teeth that have become traumatically mobile (loose).In order to avoid these problems, yearly professional periodontal treatment (cleanings) and daily homecare are recommended. Homecare includes daily brushing, chew toys and various foods that have the Veterinary Oral Health Council(VOHC) seal of approval. Your veterinarian or veterinary dentist can recommend a home care program for your pet.